Location  Calgary is nestled beside the Rocky Mountain foothills, where they meet the prairies. The city is at 51°03' north latitude, 114°05' west longitude. We are in Mountain standard/daylight time, two hours earlier than Toronto and New York, and 8 hours earlier than western Europe (by coincidence, these are almost the flying times). 
Name  Calgary was named by Col. James Macleod of the North West Mounted Police ("the Mounties") after Calgary Bay on the Isle of Mull on the Scottish west coast. It was a port for poor refugees heading for North America.
"Calgary" means "clear running water" in Gaelic, though Calgary Bay was originally called Cala-ghearridh, which translates in Gaelic to "bay-side pasture." The spelling evolved over centuries to become "Calligourie," then "Calligory" and eventually "Calgary". 
Population  Calgary has over one million people and is the sixth largest city in Canada, and the largest between Vancouver and Toronto.  Calgary also happens to be Canada's second-biggest head office city, second only to Toronto.
Alberta, which joined Canada as a province in 1905 is the most westerly of Canada's three prairie provinces. Alberta has 2.5 million residents. The province has an area of 661,185 square kilometres (264,474 square miles) which is about the same area as Texas, or twice the size of Japan. 
Industries  The major industries in Calgary reflect that of the whole province. Oil & gas is the top job-creating industry, followed by agriculture and tourism. 
Weather  Daytime and nighttime temperatures can differ widely, because of Calgary's dry air (there is little atmospheric moisture to slow temperature swings) and its proximity to the mountains.

In the summer, overnight temperatures often drop close to freezing (Calgary can get snow in ANY month of the year), yet reach daytime highs of 30° C (90° F) by noon. In the winter time, "chinook" winds can raise the temperatures as much as 50° C (100° F) over a few hours, evaporating snow so fast that the slush stage is skipped.

Dress with multiple layers no matter what the time of year or the weather forecast. Because of the dry air, it's a good idea to use skin moisturizers and lip lubricants.

Here are the temperature ranges for Calgary:

 Hours of High Low Month Sunshine C F C F January 57 -5.3 23 -14.9 5 February 99 -0.1 32 -11.3 13 March 131 3.8 40 -7.9 18 April 155 9.0 49 -2.8 27 May 197 14.2 57 1.5 34 June 197 18.7 66 5.4 42 July 259 22.1 71 7.4 45 August 211 21.6 70 6.8 44 September 167 16.1 60 2.7 38 October 126 10.1 50 -1.1 31 November 81 0.5 32 -8.2 18 December 44 -5.3 23 -13.8 7
An approximate guide to Celsius Temperatures is as follows:

Alberta has significant variations in temperature between seasons and between locales. South-eastern Alberta has some very hot, dry summer days has the most hours of sunshine of any province. Because of the dry climate, temperatures rise quickly in the day, and fall quickly at night; temperatures can range as much as 20C (45F) on any given day. In central and northern Alberta (from Red Deer north), rainfall is slightly more frequent during spring and summer, and temperatures are more consistent over a day. Mountain areas are usually warm in mid-summer, spring and fall, yet cool at night. Winter temperatures are milder in southern Alberta than most people expect, often with the highest temperatures in Canada.